John charles william stanley



(No Model.)

J. G. W. STANLEY. MEANS FOR TREATING REFUSE 0P CITIES.

No. 565,577. I Patented Aug. 11, 1896..

lrwcrlior m, h }%/w%m fli /7 UNITED STATES JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY,OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR TREATING REFUSE OF CITIES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 565,577, dated August11, 1896.

Application filed January 3,1894. $e1'ial No. 495,539. (Nodnodel)Patented in England February 1, 189 3, No. 2,247; in

France January 9, 1894, No. 235,388; in Belgium January 9, 1894, No.108,011; in Canada S t b 10, 1894, No.

47,002, and in Austria October 5,1894,No. 44/5,320.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,J OHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY, a subject of the Queenof England, residing at London, England, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Means for Treating the Refuse of Cities, (forwhich I have obtained Letters Patent in the following foreign countries:Great Britain, No. 2,247, dated February 1, 1893; France, No. 235,388,dated January 9, 1894; Belgium, No. 108,011, dated January 9, 1894;Austria, No. 44/ 5,320, dated October 5, 1894, and Canada, No. 47,002,dated September 10, 1804,) of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is the manufacture or production of blockfuel, gas, and other useful products from house-dust (or what is knownas dust-bin refuse) or other similar refuse which contains a largequantity of unburnt pieces of coal, cinder, vegetable matter, and sand,the separation of the non combustible material, and for the recovery ofthe carbon for use under steam-boilers. This house-dust is to besubdivided into its component parts, for which purpose the machinerydescribed in Letters Patent No. 455,802, granted June 2, 1891, issuitable, whicheliminates all the waste paper, 850., from the carbonmatter, and the vegetable matter can be collected separately, also thevegetable charcoal obtained by burning boxes, mats, and the like. Aftersubdivision by this sifting process I take that portion of the materialsresulting from the process which will pass through a mesh of suitablesize, say, conveniently, one

and one-half inches, and deal with it in the following manner, whichwill be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, whichrepresent diagrammatically apparatus suitable for carryingthis inventioninto effect, although modifications may be made without departing fromthe spirit of the in vention.

Figure 1 is a general perspective view of an entire plant, showing theconstruction of parts and their relative arrangement, all when inoperation or use. Fig. 2 is a detail side viewrepresenting themagnetizing device.

The materials after having been subjected to the several successivesteps of the process described in the former Letters Patent No. 455,802,up to the point Where they are delivered to the washing apparatus T ofsuch former Letters Patent, are delivered into a circular revolvingscreen or sieve A, having a mesh, say, of about three-eighths of aninch, the said material consisting, chiefly, of small pieces of coal,cinder, and ashes, and the said sieve A is inclosed by an outerconcentric sieve B, having a finermesh, say of one-eighth of an inch.The screen A maybe fitted with a water-pipe A extending throughout itslength and perforated on the under side so as to deliver a large volumeof water to assist in separating and washing the material as it entersand passes along the screens A and B,

the water falling through them into the chamber O.

The materials delivered into the first sieve consist of coal, coke,cinder, sand, glass, bits of cabbage-leaves, and other similar materials. Of these only such as will pass through the three-eighths meshreach the outer sieve B, through the finemesh of which the finestparticles of all, say sand, powdered glass, and powdered coal, coke,&c., fall into the cham- ,ber or receptacle 0. This chamber has aslanting bottom, asshown, and a worm-con- ',veyer D, which raises thematerials to the higher end of the chamber, whence they pass by'thedownwardly-sloping chute or passage O to a second chute E, similar inall respects to; C, but, as indicated in Fig. 1, sloping in the oppositedirection, so that the lowest point of chamber E is nearly level withthe highest point of the chamber 0, the difference being due to theinclination of the passage 0 There are as many of these chambers as arefound necessary. In Fig. 1 four are shown, each of them being, ifnecessary, provided with the wormconveyer and a water-supply C while thechamber O has an outlet or overflow C The fine materials passing throughthe sieve B are immediately upon their arrival in the chamber 0separated, the heavy material falling into the worm-conoverflow O to bedealt with as maybe found desirable.

As will be seen from Fig. 1, the bottom of the first chamber 0 isconsiderably below the ground-level Z, while the bottom of the lastchamber is considerably above that level. This also allows of the lastchamber delivering its charge of sand or sharp grit at such a heightthat it may conveniently fall into a cart, trolley, or the like, to beconveyed away forbuilding purposes, such as making mortar, concrete, andthe like.

It is desirable to have several of the chambers and worm-conveyerspartly to eifect the necessary raising of the materials from the lowerto the higher level, but mainly to thoroughly cleanse from mud and lightmaterial.

The tailings from the sieve B fall into a chute or hopper F, leading tothe washer G, preferably formed double, with a valve or sluice G at itsupper end, so that either of the two channels of the washer may be used,this allowing of the emptying of one while the other is in use. Thewasher G may be constructed as indicated in Fig. 1, from which it willbe seen that an outer trough or casing G contains an inner frame H,which, by chains or equivalent H passing over pulleys 1 secured upon theshaft I, which may be revolved by the hand-wheel I orother suitablemeans, can be raised out of the trough G The frame H carries a number ofpartition boards or plates 1-1 which normally lie at the bottom of thetrough G but when the frame H is raised by turning the shaft I they arelifted up out of the trough and its contents. These materials havingalready passed through a three-eighth-inch mesh (the stones, glass,crockery, nails, and other non-combustible materials) collect againstthe partition-plates H in the bottom of the trough G water beingadmitted in sufficient quantity to the chute F or the upper portion ofthe washer G, which, in conjunction with the angle at which the washerlies, carries forward the lighter materials,which consist of coal,cinder, wood, &c.

The materials carried along by the stream of water escape from the endof the trough G into the tank J, where further separation takes place,those pieces which are capable of floating, such as coke and cinder,rising to the surface, while the heavier materials sink to the bottom.The water and floating matters escape over the edge or channel J of thetank J into the second tank K, in which they are collected, the waterescaping through any suitable outlet, so as to leave the coke, &c.,behind it in the tank.

When the spaces between the plates H of the trough G are full, thesluice G is turned so as to direct the water into the other ohannel ofthe washer Gand the shaftI is revolved, raising the frameH and plates Hout of the trough G and at the same time, by another pulley and chain,raising the sluice or valve G so as to close the end of the trough G andprevent the contents from escaping into the tank J and at the same timeunclosing an opening in the bottom of the trough, so that the contentsmay be directed into the chute G and so into the tank L. The contents ofthe respective tanks J, K, and L may be removed in any convenientmanner.

The tailings from the sieve A pass over a magnetizing-machine M, Fig. 1,which removes from the tailings any particles of iron or steel which maybe present therein, and thence the said tailings pass to the bottom ofthe bucket-elevator N, from the top of which they are delivered to theseparating-chute O, in which is a break 0 (the proportions of which canbe adjusted,) through which the garbage and sticky materials will fall,while the heavy materials-such as coal, coke, crockery-stones, and thelike-sliding down the steeply inclined chute will jump the break 0 andescaping by the end of the chute will enter the head of a second washerP, whose construction and operation are substantially the same asalready described in relation to the washer G.

The magnetizing machine M, above referred to, is located at the bottomof the elevator N, as shown in Fig. 1, and between the latter and thesaid sieve A, and said machine merely consists of a series of magnets 1,mounted in or on a drum 2 and so located and rotated as to attract andtemporarily seize the particles of steel or iron moving toward the saidelevator N. A brush 3 detaches the metal particles from the magnets, sothat these particles may fall into a receptacle placed in properposition to receive them.

The water from the various tanks I prefer to pass through any of theknown forms of filter-presses, precipitating-tanks, or through finegauze or sifting devices (not shown herein) for the purpose of removingfrom the water the particles of hair, wool-dust, (from house-sweeping,)sawdust, wood, and charcoal and the like which it may contain. Thesematters may be pressed into solid cakes, which when dry may be retortedand the gas collected, the remaining ash, which will contain potash,being used for manure or treated for the recovery of the potashsalts.

It will thus be seen that the unburned coals from tanks J, the burnedcoals or cinders floated from the top of tanks K, mixed coals andcinders from the bottom of tanks K, and the washed sand and grit fromchamber 0 are the products of the separation, and the said tanks abovementioned, together with the chamber 0, designate the points ofseparation of these products from the whole mass. Some of the uses forwhich these products are suitable will be the unburned fuel for themanufacture of gas, the floated cinder for the manufacture of water-gas,the mixed coal and cinder may be sifted, the tailings being of asuitable size for making water-gas, and the other portion for themanufacture of block-fuel.

As all the above are carbon, either as unburned coal or cinder, theycan, if desired, be used for gas and block-fuel making, which latter isprepared by reducing the material to a uniform size by grinding andadding pitch or other suitable binding agent. These blocks can be usedfor domestic fires. As there is a quantity of gas in the materialcomposing these blocks it may be found desirable to recover this gas byretorting the block-fuel and so produce coke and coal-gas. The coke canbe sold or used as carbon for the manufacture of Water-gas, which gascan be used in gasengines or illuminating when treated by the system nowin operation for this purpose. The Water-gas apparatus may be worked inconnection with the other plant, the materials being deliveredto thegas-making apparatus.

I have described the sieves A and B as rotating, and I prefer this formof sieve. However, it will be seen that the same or a very similareffect could be obtained with flat sieves, which I can use if I choose.

I claim- 1. In an apparatus for treating city refuse matters, thecombination of concentric sieves of diiferent meshes, a series ofinclined chambers beneath the sieves, relatively reversed to each otherand successively increasing in height, an elevator N adjacent to theinner ends of the sieves, a passage leading from the inner sieve to thelower end of said elevator, an intermediate magnetizing device overwhich the materials from said sieve are caused to pass, an inclinedseparating-chute formed with a break in its length and leading from theupper end of said elevator, and awashing apparatus into which said chuteempties, said washer having a number of transverse partition-boardsadapted to be raised or lifted, substantially in the manner and for thepurpose hereinbefore set forth 2. In an apparatus for treating cityrefuse JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY.

Witnesses:

ALFRED J. BOULT, HARRY B. BRIDGE.

